Germplasm Collection and Varietal Evaluation of Heirloom Rice Landraces in Benguet, Philippines
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Jul 3, 2021
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Abstract
Heirloom rice landraces are unique breeds of rice that are distinct from other rices in many characters. Heirloom rice is a principal crop planted in the rice terraces of Benguet and is now gaining momentum in the local and international market. Benguet province, an ethno society depicts an heirloom rice farming community which has preserved its rice landraces as demonstrated by its large production area. Documentation and germplasm collection was done in three major heirloom rice producing municipalities involving 330 heirloom rice farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. Participatory evaluation of rice landraces with market potential was done with farmer-cooperators in three sites (Bakun, Kapangan, and Kibungan) where selection was done by other heirloom farmers during harvest. There were 82 rice landraces documented and collected in Bakun, Kapangan, and Kibungan. In the participatory evaluation and selection, the best landraces in each location based on yield, stability, and farmers’ preference are Brando, Lablabi and Lasbakan in Bakun; Sapaw, Balatinaw, and Bongkitan in Kapangan, and Balatinaw and Bongkitan in Kibungan.
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References
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and Economic Traits in Fine Grain Rice. Proceedings
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C.M. 1993/Assess:16.
Bhonsle, S.J., & Sellappan, K. (2010). Grain Quality
Evaluation of Traditionally Cultivated Rice
Varieties of Goa, India. Recent Research in Science
and Technology, 2(6): 88-97.
Brondani, R.P., Williams, E.R., Brondani, C., &
Grattapaglia, G. (2006). A microsatellite-based
consensus linkage map for species of Eucalyptus
and a novel set of 230 microsatellite markers for
the genus. BMC Plant Biology, 6(1): 20.
Chakraborty, D., Deb, D., & Ray, A. (2016). An
Analysis of Variation of the Aroma Gene in
Rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica Kato)
landraces. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,
63: 953–959.
Chakravorty, A., & Ghosh, P. (2014).
Interrelationship and cause effect analysis
among panicle yield attributing traits in
lowland Traditional Rice. Journal of Central
European Agriculture, 15(4): 213-224.
Daba, K., Warkentin, T.D., Bueckert, R., Todd, C.D.,
& Tar'an, B. (2016). Determination of
photoperiod- sensitive phase in chickpea (Cicer
arietinum L.). Front. Plant Sci., 11:478. doi:
10.3389/fpls.2016.00478
De Datta, S.K. (1981). Principles and practices of rice
production. Int. Rice Res. Inst. Los Banos, Laguna.
Domoguen, R.B. (2011). Cordillera losing its
heirloom rice varieties. Sunstar Baguio. http://
heirloomrice.com/pdfs/Domoguen_losing_
Feb28_2011.pdf
Egesi, C.N., Asiedu, R., & Egunjobi, J.K. (2001).
Flowering in yams (Dioscorea spp.). In Proceedings
of the seventh triennial symposium of the
international society for tuber and root crops—
Africa. Branch, Cotonou, Benin (pp. 434-437).
Gavilan, J. (2014). Preserving the Tradition of
Heirloom Rice in the Cordilleras. Rappler.
https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/
hunger/70991-heirloom-rice-project-irri-
cordilleras.
International Rice Research Institute. (2015).
Rice Production Manual. International Rice
Research Institute, Los Baños (Philippines).
1-27.
International Rice Research Institute. (2006).
Participatory Approaches. Module 6. Lesson.
http://www.knowledgebank .ir r i.org/r ice
breedingcourse/bodydefault.htm#Participatory_
Variety_Trials_For_Rainfed_Rice_Cultivar_
Evaluation.htm.
International Rice Research Institute. (2013).
Standard Evaluation System for Rice (SES). 5th
Edition. International Rice Research Institute,
Manila, Philippines
Leung, H., Zhu, Y., Revilla-Molina, I., Fan, J. X.,
Chen, H., Pangga, I., Cruz, C.V., & Mew, T.W.
(2003). Using genetic diversity to achieve
sustainable rice disease management. Plant
disease, 87(10): 1156-1169.
Local Government Unit-Bakun. (2019). Bakun
Profile. Province of Benguet Website. http://www.
benguet.gov.ph/index.php/11-municipalities
/459-municipality -of-bakun- the- setting).
Local Government Unit-Kapangan. (2019).
Kapangan Profile. Kapangan, Benguet.
Philippines.
Local Government Unit-Kibungan. (2019). Kibungan
Profile. Kibungan, Benguet. Philippines.
Mahapatra, K.C. (1993). Relative usefulness of
stability parameters in assessing adaptability in
rice. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant
Breeding, 53:435-441.
Mirza J.M., Faiz, A., & Majid, A. (1992). Correlation
Study and Path Analysis of Plant Height, Yield
and Yield Component. Sarhad Journal of
Agriculture, 8(6): 647- 653.
Nachimuthu V.V., Robin, S., Sudhakar, D.,
Raveendran, M., Rajeswari, S., & Manonmani,
S. (2014). Evaluation of Rice Genetic Diversity
and Variability in a Population Panel by Principal
Component Analysis. Indian Journal of Science
and Technology, 7(10):1555-1562.
Rasabandit, S., Jaisil, P., Atlin, G., Cruz, C.V.,
Jongdee, B., & Banterng, P. (2006). Participatory
Variety Selection (PVS) to Assess Farmer
Preferences of Traditional Glutinous Rice
Varieties in the Lao PDR. Khon Kaen Agric., 34
(3):128-141.
Sharif, M. K., Butt, M. S., Sharif, H. R., & Nasir, M.
(2017). Sensory Evaluation and Consumer
Acceptability. Handbook of Food Science and
Technology. Pp. 362-386. https://www.research
gate.net/publication/320466080_Sensory_
Evaluation_and_Consumer_Acceptability
Sinha, A.K., & Mishra, P.K. (2013). Morphology
based multivariate analysis of phenotypic
diversity of landraces of rice (Oryza sativa L.) of
Bankura district of West Bengal. Journal of Crop
and Weed, 9(2): 115-121.
Singh, S.R., & Rachie, K.O. (1985). Cowpea Research,
Production and Utilization. John Wiley and Sons,
New York, USA.
Solimen, J.A., Tad-awan, B.A., & Tosay, M. (2010).
Compendium of Heirloom Rice Varieties in Benguet.
Benguet State University. La Trinidad, Benguet.
Tad-awan, B.A., & Sagalla, E.J.D. (2015). Heirloom
Rice Varieties for Wet Season Cropping in the
Highlands of Northern Philippines. Journal in
Organic Agriculture, 1(1): 1-26.
Tad-awan, B.A., & Sagalla, E.J.D. (2011).
Morphological Analysis of Rice Landraces in
Benguet. Benguet State University Research
Journal, 66: 1-13.
Yan, W., & Tinker, N.A. (2006). Biplot Analysis
of Multi-Environment Trial Data: Principles
and Applications. Canadian Journal of Plant
Science, 86(3): 623-645.
Zahid, A.M., Akhtar, M., Sabrar, M., Anwar, M., &
Mushtaq, A. (2005). Interrelation-ship among Yield
and Economic Traits in Fine Grain Rice. Proceedings
of the International Seminar on Rice Crop.
October 2-3. Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah
Kau, Pakistan. pp. 21-24.