Production Performance of Salad Tomato Varieties Under Conventional Cultivation and the Semi-Temperate Conditions of Benguet, Philippines
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Jun 28, 2021
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Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable and contributes to food security, income, and improved farmers' livelihoods worldwide. Tomatoes contain many health-promoting compounds and a nutritious part of a balanced diet. Over the last decade, consumers have become more aware of foods as a source of health benefits and their roles in preventing several chronic diseases. The study was conducted to evaluate, select and recommend specific varieties of salad-type tomato and to determine the economic benefits of growing salad tomato under a conventional production system at the HORTI Experimental Station of Benguet State University, La Trinidad, Benguet. The experiment consisted of 14 entries of salad tomato and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety ‘Apollo’ was used as the check variety. 'Athena' variety was the earliest to bear flower at 23 days after transplanting. 'Astig', 'Makapuno', and 'Apollo', the check variety, which were significantly comparable at 28-30 days to flowering. All the entries evaluated produced 5 to 6 flowers per cluster. 'Discovery' variety had the longest and widest fruit. 'Marvel' had the highest total number of marketable fruits at 193.70, while the 'Makapuno' variety significantly had the highest fruit yield with 8.68 kg/5m2 plot. 'Victory' produced the highest total yield with 10.04 kg/plot and 'TM 03' variety recorded the highest sugar content with 12.86 0Brix. Tomato cultivars evaluated were observed to be mild to moderately resistant to late blight infection. 'Victory' can be considered profitable due to high ROI under La Trinidad, Benguet condition as a strategy for food security.
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References
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Villanueva, E.E. (2018). An overview of recent studies of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum spp) from a social, biochemical and genetic perspective on quality parameters. Introductory Paper at the Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science 2018:3 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Zahedi S.M., & Ansari, N.A. (2012). Comparison in quantity characters (flowering and fruit set) of ten selected tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum
L.) genotypes under subtropical climate conditions (Ahvaz). Int Res J Appl Basic Sci, 3(6): 1192-1197.
Zinn, K.E., Ozdemir, M.T.C., & Harper, J.F. (2010). Temperature stress and plant sexual reproduction: uncovering the weakest links. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(7): 19591968. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq053.
Znidarcic, D., Tridan S., & Zlatic, E. (2003). Impact of various growing methods on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) yield and sensory quality. J. Agric. Sci., 37: 235-243.
Baliyan, S.P., & Rao, M.S. (2013). Evaluation of tomato varieties for pest and disease adaptation and productivity in Botswana. Int. J. Agric. Food Res., 2(3): 20-29.
Beckles, D.M. (2011). Factors affecting the postharvest soluble solids and sugar content of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 63(1): 129140.
Bergougnoux, V. (2014). The history of tomato: From domestication to biopharming. Biotechnol Adv., 32(1):170-89. 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013. 11.003.
Brewer, M.T., Lang, L., Fujimura, K., Dujmovic, N., Gray, S., & Van Der Knaap, E. (2006). Development of a controlled vocabulary and software application to analyze fruit shape variation in tomato and other plant species, Plant Physiology, 141: 15-25.
Chaerani, R. (2006). Early blight resistance in tomato: screening and genetic study. Published dissertation, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands, P 188.
Dorais, M., & Papadopoulos, T. (2001). Greenhouse tomato fruit quality. Hort. Rev., 26: 239-319.
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2016). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Online]. Rome-Italy: Food and Agriculture organization of the United States. faostat3.fao.org/search/tomato%20/E
Guron, M.A., & Napaldet, J.T. (2020). Distribution and morpho-anatomical characterization of ‘Beket’ (Coriaria japonica subsp. intermedia (Matsum) T. C. Huanh) in Cordillera Central Range, Northern Philippines. J. Mt. Sci., 17, 2136–2147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629020-6110-7.
Hatfield, J.L., & Prueger, J.H. (2015). Temperature extremes: effect on plant growth and development. Weather and Climate Extremes, 10: 4-10. 10.1016/j.wace.2015.08.001
Kirankumar, R., Jagadeesh, K.S., Krishnaraj, P.U., & Patil, M.S. (2008). Enhanced growth promotion of tomato and nutrient uptake by plant growth promoting rhizobacterial isolates in presence of tobacco mosaic virus pathogen. Karnataka J Agric Sci., 21: 309-311.
Kleinhenz, M.D., & Bumgarner, R. (2013). Using °Brix as an Indicator of Vegetable Quality: Linking Measured Values to Crop Management. Ohioline. Ohio State University Extension https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/HYG-1651 64
Lemma, D. (2002). Tomatoes Research Experience and Production Prospects, Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization. Research Report No. 43, Addis Ababa. pp. 1-15.
Luthria, D.L., & Mukhopadhyay, S. (2006). Influence of sample preparation on assay of phenolic acids from eggplant. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54: 41-47. https://doi.org/10.10 21/jf0522457.
Max, J.F. (2009). Effects of greenhouse cooling method on growth, fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a Tropical Climate. Scientia Horticulturae, 122(2):179-186.
Meseret, D., Ali, M., & Kassahun, B. (2012). Evaluation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes for yield and yield components. The African Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 6(1): 45-49.
Olaniyi, J.O. (2007). Evaluation of yield and quality performance of grain amaranth varieties in the South western. Nigeria Res J Agron., 1(2): 42-45.
Palada, C., & Allison, M. (2001). Yield performance of tomato cultivars grown under organic management system. Proceeding of the Caribbean Food Crop Society , (37), 154-160.
Parajuli, S. (2019). Influence of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedling grafting on plant growth, fruit yield and quality, and disease tolerance. Unpublished Thesis. North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science. https://library.ndsu.edu/ir/bitstream/ handle/10365/31651.
Puwastein, P., Burlingame, B., Raroengwichit, M., & Sungpuag, P. (2000). ASEAN Food Composition Tables. 1st Edition. Mahidol University. https:// www.researchgate.net/publication/316921750_ ASEAN_Food_Composition_Tables
Raini, R., Hoffmann, V., & Zebitz, C.P.W. (2005). Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and information flow: case study, tomato stakeholders’ practices in Kenya. Paper presented to the conference Deutscher Tropentag 11-13 October 2005, Stuttgart-Hohenheim
Rangnamei, L.K., Kumar, M., & Deka, B.C. (2014). Evaluation of tomato varieties for higher productivity at farmers field under Longleng District of Nagaland. 7th National Extension Education Congress organized by Society of Extension Education Agra at ICAR, RC for NEHR, Umiam on November 8-11 November, 2014.
Reeves, P.H., & Coupland, G. (2000). Response of plant development to environment: control of flowering by daylength and temperature. Curr Opin Plant Biol., 3(1): 37-42. 10.1016/s13695266(99)00041-2.
Snider, J.L., & Oosterhuis, D.M. (2012). Cultural and environmental factors governing tomato production: Local production under elevated temperatures. HortScience: A publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 47(8):1022-1028.
Statista. (2018). The Statistics Portal for Market Data. www.statista.com
Tandang, L.L., Maghirang, R.G., Kimeu, A.M., Kebasen, B.A., & Amlos, B.B. (2000). Varietal Improvement of Semi-Temperate Vegetable Crops. Unpublished research paper. Agency In-House Review Proceedings. Benguet State University.
Tieman, D., Zhu, G., Resende, M.F.R., Lin, T., Nguyen, C., Dawn, B., Rambla, J.L., Beltran, K.S.O., Taylor, M., Zhang, B., Ikeda, H., Liu, Z., Fisher, J., Zemach, I., Monforte, A., Zamir, D., Granell, A., Kirst, M. Huang, S., & Klee, H. (2017). A chemical genetic roadmap to improved tomato flavor. Science 27, 355(6323): 391-394. 10.1126/science.aal1556
United States Department of Agriculture. (2016). Vegetables and pulses yearbook tables. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www. ers.usda.gov/topics/crops/vegetables-pulses.aspx
Villanueva, E.E. (2018). An overview of recent studies of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum spp) from a social, biochemical and genetic perspective on quality parameters. Introductory Paper at the Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science 2018:3 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Zahedi S.M., & Ansari, N.A. (2012). Comparison in quantity characters (flowering and fruit set) of ten selected tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum
L.) genotypes under subtropical climate conditions (Ahvaz). Int Res J Appl Basic Sci, 3(6): 1192-1197.
Zinn, K.E., Ozdemir, M.T.C., & Harper, J.F. (2010). Temperature stress and plant sexual reproduction: uncovering the weakest links. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(7): 19591968. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq053.
Znidarcic, D., Tridan S., & Zlatic, E. (2003). Impact of various growing methods on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) yield and sensory quality. J. Agric. Sci., 37: 235-243.